Chromium Oxide Green Pigment
Chromium Oxide Green, also known as chromium sesquioxide or chromia, is one of four oxides of chromium. It is commonly called chrome green when used as a pigment; however, it was referred to as viridian when it was first discovered. Learn more.
This pigment is a high-quality, clean, medium-shade, stable green pigment unaffected by acids, alkalis, and solvents. It is heat stable and offers excellent value, lightfastness, and weatherability.
Pigment Names | |
Synonyms: | chromia, chrome green, chromium sesquioxide |
Origin and History
The element chromium was found in lead chromate in 1797 by Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin. The element was named chromium because so many colored compounds can be produced from it. As early as 1809, chromium oxide was used as an enamel in porcelain factories but was not yet used as a painting pigment. Several sources have written that chromium oxide was not used as a pigment until 1862, but evidence suggests it was used earlier. The pigment has been identified on a J.M.W. Turner painting, which dates back to 1812. An 1815 journal entry by George Field included a homemade example of the pigment. In 1831, Vergnaud discussed two different preparation methods but said that the pigment was not widely used because of its high price. A catalog of pigments printed around 1840 lists a green oxide of chromium believed to be chromium oxide. Also, in 1969, Kühn found chromium oxide in three paintings dated between 1845 and 1850 using microscopy and emission spectroscopy. It is widely accepted that chromium oxide was used before the hydrated version. However, their use has been limited since these greens are much more expensive than emerald greens or chrome greens due to the preparation process. It is sometimes used to make lightfast paints when mixed with yellows. In the past, it was used in automotive finishes and to make bank notes.
Source
The first man to prepare chromium oxide was Pannetier in Paris, but his process was kept hidden. Guignet invented a two-step process for preparing the chemical. His first step was to heat boric acid and potassium bichromate, a process known as calcining, which produced a porous mass. The second step produces hydrated oxide, boric acid, and some boron after the mass is washed in cold water or hydrolyzed. This is only one of several ways to prepare chromium oxide. Hydrated chromium oxide has no specific chemical composition since different preparation processes produce the chemical with boron, while other processes produce the chemical without boron.
Permanence and Compatibility
Hydrated chromium oxide is permanent, but chromium oxide is more stable and is one of the most permanent pigments an artist uses. It will not react with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide, so it is safe in alkali and acid environments, making it suitable for fresco and outdoors.
Oil Absorption and Grinding
Chromium oxide green absorbs a small amount of oil (26 grams per 100 grams of pigment).
Toxicity
Though chromium oxide green is not a severe health hazard, it can irritate the skin and eyes and cause nausea and other problems if ingested. Dust inhaled can also cause respiratory problems. It is not a fire hazard and does not readily react with other materials. This pigment is FDA-approved (Section 178.3297). It can be used in polymers used in contact with food at a level not to exceed 5% of the weight of the polymer. In olefin polymers, it complies with 177.1520 of this chapter. The pigment in repeat-use rubber articles complies with 177.2600 of this chapter, and total use is not to exceed 10% by the weight of rubber articles.
Pigment: Chromium Oxide Green
Pigment Information | |
Color: | Green |
Colour Index: | Pigment Green 17 (77288) |
Chemical Name: | Chromium(III) Oxide |
Chemical Formula: | Cr2O3 |
ASTM Lightfastness Rating | |
Acrylic: | I |
Oil: | I |
Watercolor: | I |
Properties | |
Density: | 5.21 g/cm3 |
Specific Gravity: | 5.21 |
Hardness (Mohs): | 8.0 to 8.5 |
Refractive Index: | 2.551 |
Oil Absorption: | 26 g oil/100 g pigment |
Median Particle Size: | 1.5–1.8 microns |
Sieve Residue (325 mesh): | <0.3% |
pH: | ~8.0 |
Heat Stability: | 1800°F / 982°C |
SKU | 427-15 |
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Brand | Rublev Colours |
Vendor | Rublev Colours |
Processing Time | Usually ships the next business day. |
Color | Green |
Pigment Type | Inorganic, Synthetic |
Health & Safety: There are no acute or known chronic health hazards with the anticipated use of this product (most chemicals are not thoroughly tested for chronic toxicity). Protect yourself against potentially unknown chronic hazards of this and other chemical products by avoiding ingestion, excessive skin contact, and inhaling spraying mists, sanding dust, and concentrated vapors from heating. Contact us for further information or consult the SDS for more information. Conforms to ASTM D-4236.
Order Processing
If the Processing Time for items in your order is "Usually ships within 24-48 hours", your order will usually be processed within 48 hours of receipt Monday through Friday. Orders received during weekends and holidays will be processed on the next business (working) day. Orders with longer processing times will be shipped when all items become available.
Shipping Rates
Please add your desired items and the delivery address to your basket to determine the exact shipping costs and options. The table below provides shipping rates for different weights to the countries we ship to.
Carriers
We use the following carriers to deliver orders:
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Below is an approximate guide to shipping costs for locations in Europe. Rates may change without notice.
COUNTRY | ALPHA-2 | RATES PER PARCELS | CARRIER | |
0–10 kg | >10 kg–30 kg | |||
Austria | AT | 11,50 € | 11,50 € | DPD |
Belgium | BE | 10,95 € | 10,95 € | DPD |
Bulgaria | BG | 20,25 € | 30,25 € | FedEx |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | BA | 49,25 € | 49,25 € | DPD |
Cyprus | CY | 21,80 € | 29,30 € | FedEx |
Switzerland | CH | 25,85 € | 42,98 € | FedEx |
Czech Republic | CZ | 12,00 € | 12,00 € | DPD |
Germany | DE | 5,50 € | 5,50 € | DPD |
Denmark | DK | 12,00 € | 12,00 € | DPD |
Spain | ES | 17,48 € | 28,50 € | FedEx |
Estonia | EE | 21,70 € | 21,70 € | DPD |
Finland | FI | 17,48 € | 28,50 € | FedEx |
France | FR | 14,60 € | 14,60 € | DPD |
United Kingdom | GB | – € | – € | – |
Greece | GR | 17,48 € | 28,50 € | FedEx |
Croatia | HR | 29,25 € | 29,25 € | DPD |
Hungary | HU | 15,90 € | 15,90 € | DPD |
Ireland | IE | 17,48 € | 28,50 € | FedEx |
Iceland | IS | 30,70 € | 62,40 € | DHL |
Italy | IT | 15,90 € | 15,90 € | DPD |
Liechtenstein | LI | 25,85 € | 43,00 € | FedEx |
Lithuania | LT | 21,70 € | 21,70 € | DPD |
Luxembourg | LU | 10,95 € | 10,95 € | DPD |
Latvia | LV | 21,70 € | 21,70 € | DPD |
Malta | MT | 21,80 € | 30,25 € | FedEx |
Monaco | MC | 15,95 € | 24,30 € | FedEx |
Netherlands | NL | 10,95 € | 10,95 € | DPD |
Norway | NO | 25,85 € | 43,00 € | FedEx |
Poland | PL | 14,90 € | 14,90 € | DPD |
Portugal | PT | 15,50 € | 15,50 € | DPD |
Romania | RO | 21,80 € | 30,25 € | FedEx |
Serbia | RS | 49,25 € | 49,25 € | DPD |
Slovakia | SK | 15,90 € | 15,90 € | DPD |
Slovenia | SI | 15,90 € | 15,90 € | DPD |
Sweden | SE | 15,90 € | 15,90 € | DPD |
Turkey | TR | 27,30 € | 46,20 € | FedEx |
Note: Countries in RED type are not members of the European Union.
Postal Service
Shipping (EU and non-EU countries):
Up to 500 grams Tracked: 6,85 €
Up to 1000 grams Tracked: 10,45 €
Up to 2000 grams Tracked: 20,50 €
Tracking
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We track all orders where a tracked delivery service has been selected.
We will update your order with the tracking information if the shipping carrier provides a tracking number. You can locate the tracking number for your order in the shipping confirmation email you receive when your order is shipped. (Look for the email with the subject line "Natural Pigments: Shipment # xxxxxxxxx for Order # xxxxxxxxx.") You can also find the tracking number by signing into your account and visiting My Account Dashboard under Recent Orders.
VAT for Orders within the European Union
VAT is not included in prices unless specified on the website as VAT INCLUSIVE. VAT is calculated for Germany at 19% on both order subtotal and shipping cost and is added to the order grand total.
VAT, Duties, and Tariffs for Orders Outside of the European Union
VAT is not included in prices and totals unless specified on the website as VAT INCLUSIVE. Duties, tariffs, and customs broker fees are not included in the prices and totals on the website. These charges are in addition to what you will pay when ordering. These charges originate in the delivery country, so please contact your local customs for more information.
Shipping Rates
The rate charged for the shipping of your order is based on the weight of your products and your location. Before the final checkout page, you will be shown what the shipping cost will be, and you will have a chance to abandon your order if you decide not to place it.
Shipping Damage
For shipping damage, customers should file a claim with the carrier immediately. Any discrepancy, including wrong or missing items, should be reported to Natural Pigments within twenty-four (24) hours of receipt.
Back Orders
We do not accept backorders for out-of-stock items. If you order an out-of-stock item, we will email you when we expect that product to be available. You will be among the first to receive the item when it becomes available. Natural Pigments will not charge your credit card for out-of-stock items.